Diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry compared with molecular tests for detection of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to critically evaluate the available data on sensitivity and specificity of IHC compared with molecular tests in the detection of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This systematic review was performed based on the PRISMA statement and registered in Prospero (CRD42021259117). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for observational studies to answer the question "What is the diagnostic accuracy of immunohistochemistry compared with molecular tests for the diagnosis of BRAF V600E mutation in ameloblastomas?". Methodological quality and risk of bias assessment of the selected studies were based on the QUADAS-2. Meta-analysis based on hierarchical SROC curve model and summary measures for sensitivity and specificity were computed. RESULTS: A total of 226 records were found, but only 05 articles met the inclusion criteria, with 277 FFPE specimens of ameloblastoma included in the quantitative analysis. The sensitivity of the IHC compared to molecular tests ranged from 0.71 to 1.00, while all of the included studies showed perfect specificity (1.00). Pooled measures for sensitivity and specificity were 0.95 [95% CI 0.89, 1.00] and 1.00 [95% CI 0.95, 1.00], respectively. The diagnostic odds ratio was 4.05, and the AUC for SROC curve was calculated as 0.979. CONCLUSIONS: BRAF V600E-specific IHC using VE1 antibody showed extremely high sensitivity and specificity when compared with molecular tests in the detection of the mutation in ameloblastomas.

High prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders and risk factors in a semi-urban brazilian city: a population-based cross-sectional study / Alta prevalencia de trastornos orales potencialmente malignos y factores de riesgo en un ciudad brasileña semiurbana: un estudio transversal de base poblacional

Background: Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) are defined as lesions with a greater likelihood ofprogressing to cancer. Population-based studies that evaluate the prevalence of OPMDs are scarce in Brazil. Theaim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of OPMDs and associated risk factors in a semi-urbanBrazilian population.Material and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, whose universe included individuals aged 40 years or olderresiding in a medium-sized city of northeastern Brazil. Data collection was divided into two steps: interview andoral examination. The outcome variable was the presence of OPMDs. The predictor variables were sociodemo-graphic characteristics and risk habits. The bivariate analysis was performed through chi-square test. The crudeprevalence ratios (PR) and its respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Poisson regression analy-sis with robust variance was used to calculate adjusted PRs and 95% CI.Results: Three hundred fourteen individuals were included in the study. When asked about risk habits, 58.9%reported being current smokers or ex-smokers and 62.2% reported being current drinkers or ex-drinkers. Theprevalence of OPMDs was 7.6% and was significantly higher among individuals with black skin color (p < 0.001),alcohol users (p = 0.017), and individuals with both tobacco and alcohol habits (p = 0.012).Conclusions: Therefore, the population in the present study had a high frequency of risk habits associated withPMDs of the oral cavity.(AU)

Fixação funcionalmente estável no tratamento de sequela de fratura cominutiva de mandíbula por PAF / Functionally stable fixation in the treatment of comminuted jaw fracture by firearm projectile

Introdução: em traumas de alta energia por projéteis de arma de fogo (PAF), pode ocorrer a cominuição da mandíbula. Quando não identificadas ou tratadas de maneira equivocada, essas injúrias podem comprometer a saúde do indivíduo, com graves complicações estéticas e funcionais. Objetivo: o objetivo deste trabalho é relatar um caso de tratamento cirúrgico de sequela de ferimento por arma de fogo com fratura cominutiva em região de sínfise mandibular. Relato do caso: paciente procurou o serviço de cirurgia e traumatologia bucomaxilofacial após tratamento cirúrgico insatisfatório de fratura mandibular por PAF. Observou-se clinicamente mobilidade em manipulação, exposição óssea e drenagem purulenta. Na tomografia, observou-se gap ósseo, descontinuidade na base mandibular e material de osteossíntese inadequado. Foi proposta uma abordagem cirúrgica para instalação de placa de reconstrução do sistema 2.4 mm. Em acompanhamento pós-operatório, o paciente evoluiu com abertura bucal funcional e satisfatória, sem mobilidade nos fragmentos ósseos, arcabouço mandibular restabelecido e adequado posicionamento do material de fixação. Considerações finais: os casos de cominuição óssea apresentam características individuais que devem ser levadas em consideração em seu manejo. Nesses casos, a escolha do material de fixação é fundamental para o sucesso terapêutico e o uso de prototipagem soma para uma condução satisfatória do caso, garantindo menor tempo cirúrgico e melhor adaptação da placa. (AU)

Introduction: in high energy traumas caused by firearm projectiles may occur comminutive mandibular fractures. When it is not identified or inappropriately treated, these injuries can compromisse the individual's health, with serious aesthetics and funcional complications. Objective: the aim of this study is report a case of surgical treatment of sequelae from firearm injury with comminutive fracture in the region of mandibular symphysis. Case report: patient sought the service of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology after 1 month of unsatisfactory surgical treatment of a mandibular fracture caused by firearm projectile. Clinical examination revealed mobility to manipulation and bone exposure with purulent drainage. Computed tomography of the face shows bad fracture consolidation in the anterior region of the mandible with bone gap and discontinuity in the mandibular base and inadequate and poorly positioned osteosynthesis material. It was then proposed a new surgical approach with instalation of the reconstruction plate of 2.4mm locking system. In postoperative follow-up, the patient evolved with a functional and satisfactory mouth opening, with no mobility in bone fragments, restored mandibular framework and adequate positioning of the fixation material. Final considerations: the cases of comminutive bone fractures show particular features that should be considered in their handling. In these cases, the choice of the fixation material is critical to therapeutic success and the use of prototyping sum for a satisfactory conduction of the case, ensuring shorter surgical time and better adaptation of the plate.(AU)

Is Single-Puncture TMJ Arthrocentesis Superior to the Double-Puncture Technique for the Improvement of Outcomes in Patients With TMDs?

PURPOSE: Arthrocentesis is a common treatment for temporomandibular joint disorders. Although modifications of the standard double-puncture technique have been described, no consensus has been reached regarding which is the best. The aim of the present study was to compare the outcomes of the single- and double-puncture arthrocentesis techniques (SPT and DPT, respectively). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review following the PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses) guidelines was performed. Two independent reviewers conducted electronic searches in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases for relevant studies reported up to January 2019. Studies comparing type I SPT (only 1 cannula) or type II SPT (2 soldered cannulas) to conventional DPT were considered. Data regarding the maximal mouth opening (MMO), joint pain, and operative time were extracted for the meta-analysis. In the case of statistically significant heterogeneity (P < .10), a random effects model was used to assess the significance of the treatment effects. Otherwise, a fixed effects model was used. The included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were assessed for methodologic quality using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. RESULTS: Nine studies were included for qualitative synthesis. Two were suitable for quantitative synthesis per outcome. The meta-analysis did not find any differences between SPT and DPT in relation to the MMO. However, in relation to joint pain, the results slightly favored the use of DPT. No differences in operative time were found between type I SPT and DPT (P = .49). CONCLUSIONS: The present study found no differences between the SPT and DPT in relation to the MMO, and no difference was found in operative time between the DPT and type I SPT. Because of the heterogeneity between studies, it might be interesting to conduct more homogeneous RCTs to elucidate which technique results in better clinical outcomes.

Manejo de fratura bilateral de mandíbula através de fixação interna rígida pela técnica de Champy ­ relato de caso / Management of bilateral mandibular fracture through rigid internal fixing by Champy technique ­ case report

As fraturas de mandíbula são as mais comuns no campo da Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial. Acometem cerca de 42,5% dentre os traumas faciais. O método a ser escolhido para o tratamento depende de diversos fatores, como o deslocamento e a cominuição dos fragmentos ósseos, a presença de má oclusão, a ação muscular local, a idade do paciente e a habilidade do cirurgião. Este trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso de fratura bilateral de mandíbula em corpo esquerdo e ângulo direito, tratado através de fixação interna rígida e técnica de Champy. Esta abordagem mostrou-se eficaz e segura neste tratamento, além de evitar cicatrizes antiestéticas e lesões às estruturas adjacentes. Um resultado pós-operatório de 3 meses é apresentado (AU).

Mandibular fractures are the most common in the field of Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology. The prevalence rate is about 42.5% of facial traumas. The method of choice for the treatment depends on several factors, such as displacement and comminution of the bone fragments, presence of malocclusion, local muscular action, the age of the patient and the surgeon's skill. This paper aims to report a case of bilateral mandibular fracture in the left body and right angle treated through rigid internal fixation and the Champy technique. This approach proved to be effective and safe in this treatment, besides avoiding unsightly scars and lesions on adjacent structures. A 3-month postoperative result is presented (AU).

Abscesso labial por manipulação de acne: relato de caso / Lip abscess by acne manipulation: case report

Os abscessos labiais são entidades pouco relatadas na literatura científica. São infecções potencialmente graves, de origem poli microbiana, podendo causar necrose tecidual e deformidades na região. A microbiota dessas infeções costuma ser conhecida, dispensando, muitas vezes, a cultura e o antibiograma. Antibióticoterapia empírica e drenagem apresentam boa resolutividade. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de abscesso labial, causado por manipulação de acne. Paciente do sexo masculino, 19 anos de idade, com relato de manipulação de lesão pustulosa na linha de transição muco-cutânea do lábio inferior há 05 dias, evoluindo abscesso labial. O tratamento foi realizado com antibióticoterapia empírica, penicilina de amplo espectro associado com sal potássico de ácido clavulânico e drenagem. Após sete dias, o paciente já apresentou aspecto de normalidade na região. Diagnóstico e abordagem precoce foram determinantes para a resolutividade do caso... (AU)

The lip abscesses cases are little reported in the scientific literature. They are potentially serious infections, polymicrobial and may cause tissue necrosis and deformities in the region. The microbiota of these infections usually known, often dispensing culture and sensitivity. Antibiotic empiric therapy and drainage have good resoluteness. This study aims to report a case of lip abscess caused by acne handling. A 19-year-old male patient, presenting a pustular lesion on the mucocutaneous transition line in lower lip with 5 days of evolution. The treatment was performed with empirical antibiotic therapy, broad spectrum penicillin associated with clavulanic acid potassium salt and drainage. After seven days, the patient presented aspect of normality in the region. Early diagnosis and approach were instrumental in solving the case... (AU)

Suitability of Wrist External Fixator for Treatment of Mandibular Fracture.

The mandibular fracture is one of the most commonly fractures of the facial bones. In high-energy traumas, a comminuted mandible fracture may occur. The closed reduction with external fixator is an interesting alternative for these types of fractures. The aim of this article is to report the case of a patient with comminuted fracture in the right mandibular body, whose surgical treatment was the noninvasive reduction of fracture and stabilization using a Colles' wrist external fixator. After 1 year of follow-up, the patient is without complaints, with satisfactory dental occlusion, adequate contour, and mandibular alignment. External fixation with wrist orthopedic fixators adapted to the mandible provides many advantages owing to its versatility and simplicity of use. Therefore, this method should be remembered as a valid and affordable option for the treatment of complex lesions when indicated correctly.

Low-level laser therapy and anesthetic infiltration for orofacial pain in patients with fibromyalgia: a randomized clinical trial

Background: To compare the analgesic effect of anesthetic infiltration of lidocaine 2% and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) by GaAlAs into tender points of patients with orofacial pain and fibromyalgia (FM). Material and Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed with adults (N=66) that were allocated into two groups (1:1): Group A received LLLT irradiation by Diode Laser GaAlAs (780nm) with expositions twice a week during six weeks and Group B was treated with anesthetic infiltration of lidocaine 2% without vasoconstrictor once a week for four weeks. The pain assessment included the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) and tenderness to palpation. Results: No dropout and adverse effect was observed during the study. The pain decreased significantly in each group after the treatment (p=0.0001, β=1.0), even though no statistical difference was found between both treatments (p=0.46, β= 0.82). The presence of tender points decreased after both treatments, with responsively in some types of masticatory muscles (p<0.05) except posterior temporalis muscle. The patients' perception showed that both treatments were effective and a few patients reported that the treatment did not improve welfare. Conclusions: The LLLT by GaAlAs and anesthetic infiltration of lidocaine 2% were equally effective to control orofacial pain in FM individuals (AU)

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Evaluation of life quality of patients submitted to orthognathic surgery

OBJECTIVE: To compare changes related to self-esteem and appearance satisfaction between pre and postsurgical phases in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and to assess the quality of life and psychosocial changes of these patients six months after surgery. METHODS: A longitudinal observational qualitative study was performed. The sample comprised 15 patients with dentofacial deformities who underwent orthognathic surgery. One questionnaire and two forms were answered during pre and postoperative phases. RESULTS: The results showed that 13.3% of patients demonstrated self-esteem improvement, especially in relation to appearance satisfaction. Improvements were also noted in social, occupational and family relationships. With regard to the assessment of quality of life, according to the World Health Organization questionnaire, the lowest improvement averages corresponded to environmental control. CONCLUSION: Orthognathic surgery brings along many emotional changes that should be considered before and after surgery, since the patients' psychological state may be favorable and/or unfavorable during recovery, influencing their quality of life, self-esteem and appearance satisfaction.

OBJETIVO: comparar as mudanças relacionadas à autoestima e satisfação com aparência, entre o pré-operatório e o pós-operatório, de pacientes submetidos à cirurgia ortognática, e avaliar a qualidade de vida e mudanças psicossociais desses pacientes seis meses após a cirurgia. MÉTODOS: estudo qualitativo, de caráter observacional do tipo longitudinal, com amostra de 15 pacientes que apresentavam deformidades dentofaciais e que foram submetidos à cirurgia ortognática. Foram aplicados um questionário e dois formulários, em duas fases: uma pré-cirúrgica e outra pós-cirúrgica. RESULTADOS: os resultados mostraram que 13,3% dos pacientes obtiveram melhora em relação à autoestima e, principalmente, em relação à satisfação com a aparência. Foi também constatada melhoria nas relações sociais, profissionais e familiares. Em relação à avaliação da qualidade de vida segundo o questionário da Organização Mundial da Saúde, observou-se que a média mais baixa correspondeu ao domínio meio ambiente. CONCLUSÕES: a cirurgia ortognática traz consigo uma carga emocional elevada, que deve ser considerada antes e após o ato cirúrgico, pois o estado psicológico do paciente repercute em fatores favoráveis ou desfavoráveis durante a sua recuperação, influenciando de diferentes formas na qualidade de vida, autoestima e satisfação com a aparência.

Análise Clínica, Radiográfica e Histológica de 122 Casos de Ameloblastomas em uma População Brasileira / Clinical, Radiographic and Histological Analysis of 122 Cases of Ameloblastomas in a Brazilian Population

Objetivo: Estudar as características clínicas, radiográficas e histológicas de uma série de 122 casos de ameloblastomas em uma população na cidade de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Método: Um estudo transversal retrospectivo foi realizado na base de dados do Setor de Patologia Oral e Maxilo Facial do Centro de Pesquisa Clínica em Cirurgia Maxilo Facial da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Pernambuco (FOP-UPE), no período de janeiro de 1992 a janeiro de 2010 (18 anos), dos quais foram estudados aspectos clínicos, radiográficos e histológicos, aplicando técnicas inferencial para análise estatística. Resultados: Os ameloblastomas perfizeram 2,36% das lesões císticas e tumorais analisadas. O gênero feminino mostrou-se ligeiramente mais prevalente (54,9%), havendo predominância de indivíduos negros (45,9%), na segunda e terceira décadas de vida (54,9%). Em 74,6% dos casos a lesão apresentava-se assintomática, mostrando predileção pela região posterior de mandíbula (79,5%), tendo predomínio do aspecto multilocular (84,4%). Quanto ao tamanho das lesões, 61,5% mostraram exceder três centímetros, sendo mais da metade das biópsias do tipo excisional (55,7%). O aspecto folicular foi o padrão histológico mais freqüente (67,2%). Conclusão: As características da população brasileira acometida por ameloblastoma se assemelham aos dados da literatura mundial, porém existem características peculiares a está população. Estudos semelhantes devem ser realizados com periodicidade regular, em diferentes regiões brasileiras, buscando determinar o padrão da população acometida por está entidade de grande significado clínico

Objective: To evaluate the clinical, radiographic and histological characteristics of a series of 122 cases of ameloblastomas in a population living in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. Method: In this cross-sectional retrospective study, data from the database of the Sector of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology of the Center of Clinical Research in Maxillofacial Surgery of the School of Dentistry of the University of Pernambuco (FOP-UPE) belonging to the period between January 1992 and January 2010 (18 years), were retrieved for evaluation of clinical, radiographic and histological aspects by applying inferential techniques for statistical analysis. Results: Ameloblastomas corresponded to 2.36% of the cystic and tumoral lesions evaluated. The female gender was slightly more prevalent (54.9%), with predominance of Black individuals (45.9%) in the second and third decades of life (54.9%). In 74.6% of the cases, the lesion was asymptomatic, with predilection for the posterior region of the mandible (79.5%) and predominance of the multilocular aspect (84.4%). Regarding lesion size, 61.5% were larger than 3 cm, and more the half of the biopsies were excisional types (55.7%). The follicular histological pattern was the most frequent (67.2%). Conclusion: The characteristics of the Brazilian population affected by ameloblastomas are similar to those reported in the international literature, but there are peculiar characteristics to this population. Similar studies should be conducted with regular periodicity in different regions of Brazil in order to determine the profile of the population affected by this entity of great clinical meaning

El uso de la tomografia computarizada de haz volumétrico en odontologia / The use of cone beam computed tomography in dentistry

Hace algunos años que fue desarrollada una nueva tecnología en la Radiología Odontológica, denominada ?Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Volumétrico", trayendo diversas ventajas sobre los tomógrafos médicos y convencionales e implicando cambios en relación a los actuales medios de diagnóstico, ayudando en la correcta determinación de la topografía de las estructuras óseas de los maxilares y evitando distorsiones encontradas en el examen radiográfico panorámico. Hay varias especialidades que pueden ser utilizados en odontología, empleados principalmente en las áreas de cirugía Buco-maxilo-facial, patología oral, ortodoncia, periodoncia y endodoncia. Estudios recientes han demostrado la importancia de este tipo de Tomografía Computarizada para aumentar la capacidad de diagnóstico por imagen, con una potencia de mayor resolución y menos artefactos en la imagen generada. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo es informar al lector acerca de la tomografía computarizada de haz de volumen, haciendo hincapié en el desarrollo de este tipo de examen adicional de imágenes de Odontología en la actualidad.

Há alguns anos, foi desenvolvida uma nova tecnologia em Radiologia Odontológica, chamado de "Tomografia computadorizada de feixe volumétrico", trazendo muitas vantagens sobre tomografia convencional e médica, o que resultou em mudanças em relação aos atuais métodos de diagnóstico, com auxílio na determinação correta das estruturas de topografia o osso do maxilar, evitando as distorções encontradas no exame radiográfico panorâmico. Existem diversas especialidades odontológicas que podem empregar esse exame de imagem, especialmente as áreas de cirurgia e traumatologia buco-maxilo-facial, patologia oral, ortodontia, periodontia e endodontia. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado a importância deste tipo de Tomografia Computadorizada para aumentar a capacidade de diagnóstico por imagem, com um poder maior de resolução e menos artefatos na imagem gerada. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é informar o leitor sobre a tomografia computadorizada de feixe volumétrico, enfatizando o desenvolvimento deste tipo de exame de imagem adicional em Odontologia hoje.

Lasertherapy efficacy in temporomandibular disorders: control study.

UNLABELLED: Temporomandibular dysfunction is characterized by the presence of painful joint/muscular symptoms muscle in the face. The main justification for the use of lasers in laser therapy dysfunction is its analgesic effect, which was observed in most studies in the literature. AIM: We evaluated the effectiveness of laser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. METHODS: 50 volunteers with temporomandibular disorders were divided into two groups (control and experimental) had amplitudes of movements of mouth opening, right and left laterality recorded before and after laser application. Was also recorded, the score the individual gave to pain by visual analog scale and, through physical examination, the pain points. We used the AsGaAl laser with a 40mW power, with 80J/cm(2) for 16 seconds at four selected points for just one session with reassessment after a week. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical. RESULTS: It was noted that laser therapy increased the mean amplitude of mandibular movements (p = 0.0317) and decreased significantly (43.6%) the pain intensity measured by the visual analog scale. CONCLUSIONS: The laser decreases the painful symptoms of the patient after application through its analgesic and/or a placebo effect.

Eficácia da laserterapia nas disfunções têmporo-mandibulares: estudo controle / Lasertherapy efficacy in temporomandibular disorders: control study

Temporomandibular dysfunction is characterized by the presence of painful joint/muscular symptoms muscle in the face. The main justification for the use of lasers in laser therapy dysfunction is its analgesic effect, which was observed in most studies in the literature. AIM: We evaluated the effectiveness of laser therapy in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. METHODS: 50 volunteers with temporomandibular disorders were divided into two groups (control and experimental) had amplitudes of movements of mouth opening, right and left laterality recorded before and after laser application. Was also recorded, the score the individual gave to pain by visual analog scale and, through physical examination, the pain points. We used the AsGaAl laser with a 40mW power, with 80J/cm² for 16 seconds at four selected points for just one session with reassessment after a week. Study design: Clinical. RESULTS: It was noted that laser therapy increased the mean amplitude of mandibular movements (p = 0.0317) and decreased significantly (43.6 percent) the pain intensity measured by the visual analog scale. CONCLUSIONS: The laser decreases the painful symptoms of the patient after application through its analgesic and/or a placebo effect.

A disfunção têmporo-mandibular é caracterizada pela presença de sintomatologia dolorosa articular/muscular na região da face. A principal justificativa do uso do laser da laserterapia na disfunção é seu efeito analgésico, fato observado na maioria dos estudos encontrados na literatura. OBJETIVO: Foi avaliar a eficácia da laserterapia no tratamento das disfunções têmporo-mandibulares. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: 50 voluntários com disfunção têmporo-mandibular foram divididos em dois grupos (controle e experimental) tiveram as amplitudes dos movimentos de abertura bucal, lateralidade direita e esquerda registrados, antes e após aplicação do laser. Foi registrada, também, a nota de dor do indivíduo através da escala analógica visual de dor e, através do exame físico, os pontos álgicos. Utilizou-se o laser de AsGaAl com potência de 40mW, com 80J/cm², por 16 segundos, em quatro pontos selecionados por apenas uma sessão com reavaliação após uma semana. Desenho Científico Utilizado: Clínico. RESULTADOS: Notou-se que a laserterapia promoveu aumento da média de amplitude dos movimentos mandibulares (p=0,0317) e houve redução significativa (43,6 por cento) da intensidade de dor dos pacientes medida através da escala analógica visual de dor...

Síndrome de Eagle: relato de cinco casos / Eagle's Syndrome: report of five cases

A Síndrome de Eagle (SE) é caracterizada pelo alongamento do processo estilóide ou calcificação do ligamento estilohioídeo, causando limitação dos movimentos cervicais e dores intensas na região. Os autores relatam cinco casos, apresentando sinais e sintomas diversos, tais quais dor, limitação de movimentos do pescoço, limitação de abertura bucal, dificuldade de se alimentar, dentre outros. Foram solicitados exames de imagem, onde se observou em todos os casos o excessivo aumento do processo estilóide, em graus maiores e menores e, juntamente com os sinais clínicos diversos supracitados, foi fechado o diagnóstico de Síndrome de Eagle. Como tratamento foi optada pela não intervenção cirúrgica em nenhum dos cinco casos, uma vez que o processo estilóide alongado, mesmo em um tamanho bem acima dos padrões de normalidade, não provocava nos mesmos dores intensas e não limitavam em nenhuma hipótese suas atividades diárias. Foi então optado pelo tratamento conservador, com a prescrição de relaxantes musculares, antiinflamatórios e analgásicos, conseguindo-se atenuação do quadro sintomatológico em todos os casos. A SE é uma patologia rara, que deve obedecer regras criteriosas de tratamento, levando-se em consideração o custo-benefício da morbidade do procedimento cirúrgico e o grau de comprometimento das atividades diárias do pacientes pela sintomatologia.

The Eagle's Syndrome (ES) is characterized by the styloid process elongation or its calcification, causing neck movements limitation and intense neck pain. The authors report four cases, presenting a few signs and sysptoms, such as pain, neck movements limitation, mouth opening limitation, dysphagia. It were requested image exams, in which were observed in all cases the excessive styloid process elongation, in higher and lower degrees and, with the other clinical signs already mentioned, it was established the diagnosis of Eagle's syndrome. As treatment, it was chosen not to operate the patientis in neither of four cases, once elongated styloid process, although in an Iincreased size, it didn't cause intense pain norlimitated their daily activities. It was chosen the conservative treament, prescribing muscular relaxants, anti-inflammatories, and analgesics, and it was obtained the pain attenuation in all cases. The ES is a rare pathology that must obey some treatment criteria, considering the cost/benefit about the surgical procedure morbidity, and the patient's symptomatology complaints.

Tratamento conservador do idoso vítima de trauma facial: relato de caso / Conservative management in elderly with facial trauma: case report

Pesquisas recentes demonstram que a população mundial de idosos está em crescimento e que o avanço tecnológico tem proporcionado uma melhoria da qualidade de vida dessas pessoas, ocasionando mudanças comportamentais dos mesmos, os quais passaram a adotar um estilo de vida mais ativo. Contudo esses fatores, tem levado essas pessoas a uma maior exposição a agentes agressores, fato constatado pelo aumento do número de idosos que sofreram algum tipo de traumatismo. Tem-se observado o aumento gradativo desses traumas decorrentes de agressões físicas, fato compatível com a atualidade do sistema socioeconômico desigual e com fatores de exclusão social. A escolha do tratamento dos traumatismos em idosos deverá levar em consideração o paciente em particular e não apenas a idade, podendo ser realizada tanto por métodos conservadores quanto por técnicas cirúrgicas invasivas, considerando-se os aspectos risco-benefício. Este trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso de trauma facial em uma paciente geriátrica, vítima de agressão física, enfocando os aspectos clínicos e conduta frente a tal caso.

Recent researches show of mondial elderly population and the technologic advancement of medicine has brought a better quality of life combined with many seniors citizens leading more active lifestyle. However, these factors make them more susceptible of damage agents. It is a fact confirmed by the increased number of eldery that suffered traumatisms. It has been observed a great number of these traumatisms by physical aggressions and compatible with socioeconomic system desfavorable and social exclusion. The choice of management in elderly has to take in consideration the medical condition of the patient and not only the age and treatable with both surgical measures and more conservation approaches, considering risk-benefit. This paper objectives report a case of facial trauma in a elderly victim of physical aggression, focusing clinical aspects and the conducts taken.

Cisto ósseo aneurismático: relato de caso e revisão de literatura / Aneusrismatic Ossous Cyst: a Case Report and Literature Review

O nome cisto ósseo aneurismático traz confusões, pois a lesão não é um aneurisma nem tampouco um cisto verdadeiro. Segundo a OMS, esta doença define-se como lesão osteolítica expansiva, constituída de espaços cheios de sangue, podendo ocorrer em qualquer segmento do esqueleto, sendo mais freqüente nas hastes dos ossos longos ou na coluna vertebral. Nos maxilares, esta afecção é rara, sendo a mandíbula mais acometida que a maxila.Sua sintomatologia escassa é rapidamente exacerbada com o crescimento da lesão, que geralmente é rápido,podendo causar compressão de estruturas nervosas, levando ao surgimento de sintomas, como dor local. Achados radiográficos podem ser inespecíficos, sendo que os achados tomográficos costumam ser sugestivos. O tratamentodo cisto ósseo aneurismático continua controverso, apresentando uma tendência à ressecção cirúrgica, visando à remoção completa da lesão, reduzindo, assim, o índice de recidiva. O presente artigo tem por finalidade relatar um caso raro de cisto ósseo aneurismático na mandíbula, evoluído de displasia óssea bem como discutir os aspectos clínicos, imaginológicos, histológicos, diagnóstico diferencial e tratamento dessa patologia

Lesão de células gigantes: um estudo retrospectivo de 58 casos / Giant Cell Lesion: a Retrospective Study of 58 Cases

Algumas lesões benignas dos maxilares apresentam-se indistingüiveis à análise histopatológica. É o caso das lesões de células gigantes, dentre as quais são parte integrante o granuloma central de células gigantes, o granuloma periférico de células gigantes, o cisto ósseo aneurismático, o tumor marrom do hiperparatireoidismo e o querubismo. Desta forma, as características clínicas dessas lesões chegam a ter importância clínica conclusiva nesses casos. O propósito deste estudo é fazer uma breve revisão de literatura acerca das lesões denominadas Granuloma Central de Células Gigantes (GCCG) e Granuloma Periférico de Células Gigantes (GPCG) assim como avaliar 58 casos diagnosticados, observando-se fatores, como idade, sexo, localização preferencial e tamanho das lesões, com o intuito de melhor esclarecer os leitores sobre a epidemiologia dessas lesões, orientando-os quanto ao discernimento das medidas diagnósticas e terapêuticas a serem tomadas

A few benign lesions of the jaw seem indistinct to histopathological analysis. That is the case of the giant cell lesions such as the central giant cell granuloma; the peripheral giant cell granulations; the aneurismatic bonecyst; the brown tumor of the hiperparatireoidism, and the cherub. Thus, the clinical properties of these lesions take on importance for a definitive diagnosis. This study set out to review the literature on central giant cellgranuloma and on peripheral giant cell granulation. Furthermore, 58 diagnosed cases are evaluated, regarding the patient?s age and sex and the preferential location of these lesions, with a view to clarify their epidemiology and contribute to their management.